Introduction

The IPC, CrPC and Indian Evidence Act, which were the previous criminal laws in India, have been replaced by India after almost 160 years. The British made these laws, which were not applicable in the modern society, modern crime, modern methods of cybercrime and the need to deliver justice at a faster rate. Thus, the government came out with three brand-new laws that were referred to as

• Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)
• Bharatiya Nagarika Suraka Shastra (BNSS)
• Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA)

These new laws offer quick justice, trial reforms, procedures friendly to technologies, protection of victims and enhancement of punishment for serious offenses. These laws are a significant change in the legal system for ordinary people, advocates, and police as well as the judges. When dealing with a case with a criminal, FIR, complaint, or legal investigation, it can be of great importance that you are familiar with these laws.

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What Are These New Laws of Criminality?

The new acts substituted the British Criminal acts of the time with an Indian law system:

• Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)—substitutes IPC (Indian Penal Code).
• Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS)—substitutes CrPC (Code of Criminal Procedure).
• Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA)—Displacement of the Indian Evidence Act.

These changes are made to:

• Modernize justice
• Reduce pending cases
• Increase transparency
• Make system speedy
• Guarantee friendly policing to the citizens.

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1. Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) – Criminal Offences and Punishments

BNS is concerned with punishments and crimes. It introduces more stringent provisions for crimes such as:

• rape
• terrorism
• mob lynching
• murder
• sexual offences
• organised crime
• cybercrime

Major highlights of BNS:

• Mob lynching is a crime by itself.
• There is no tolerance for sexual crimes.
• Tougher penalties against terrorism.
• Punishment of community service.
• New divisions on cybercrimes and digital fraud.

A major addition is community service. In India the previous laws lacked attention on imprisonment or fines. Courts are now also able to apply other forms of punishment than jail.

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2. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) – Criminal Procedure and Investigation

BNSS substitutes CrPC and aims at enhancing investigation and the police procedure. The significant alterations in FIR, arrest, bail, evidence and trials work within this law.

Key improvements:

• Application of technology during investigations.
• Obligatory video and audio recording at search and seizure.
• Online FIR facility
• Police limit the time to finish investigations.
• Faster trial procedure

One of the key developments: Zero FIR is now a legally recognized practice. Regardless of the fact that the crime did not take place within the jurisdiction of the police station, any police station must record an FIR.

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3. Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) – Evidence and Trial

This act supersedes the previous Evidence Act and updates the regulations of evidence. It includes:

• admission of electronic evidence.
• video/audio recordings
• digital signatures
• cyber evidence rules
• better witness protection

Electronic evidence is now equal to physical documents.

This helps in:

• cybercrime cases
• online fraud
• digital payments disputes
• surveillance footage cases

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What Are the Differences between these New Laws and old Laws?

These legislations are more concerned with justice, speed and technology.

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Impact of New Criminal Laws on Citizens

These statutes do not apply to the judges and lawyers alone. They have a direct influence on ordinary people.

Benefits of new criminal laws:

• Quickened FIR and complaint procedure.
• Stronger cyber protection
• Tougher punishments for sexual offenses.
• Better witness safety
• Reduced court delays

Such reforms eradicate fear towards the law and make it easier to access justice.

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Impact on Police and Investigation Process

In the case of police, it brings accountability in the new laws:

• videotaping of arrest and search.
• deadlines in which a charge sheet can be filed.
• forced medical examination under some circumstances.
• digital record keeping

This aids the avoidance of unlawful arrest, torture or lost cases.

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How Do These Laws Help Victims?

Victims get from these laws:

• faster justice
• stronger support
• compensation options
• protection from threats
• transparent trials

There is increased confidence amongst the victims to file a case.

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How Do These Laws Help the Accused?

Even the accused persons are served well:

• clear rights
• proper arrest procedure
• lawyer access
• medical rights
• immunity against unlawful imprisonment.

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Why These Laws Are Helpful for Modern India

The Indian justice system needed modernization because:

• society has advanced
• cybercrime has increased
• technology is important
• older laws were slow

These laws encourage:

• Transparency
• Fairness
• fast punishment
• stronger protection for citizens

Why Choose Advocate Shrishti Rani?

Criminal cases, FIR, arrests, and complaints require deep knowledge of law. A lawyer who understands the new criminal laws and their application can protect your rights and guide you correctly. Advocate Shrishti Rani has expertise in handling different criminal matters such as FIR matters, bail issues, cybercrime cases, domestic violence matters, and complaint drafting. She also helps clients understand the difference between the new and old criminal laws and how they apply in real cases.She is recognized as the best advocate in Patna Civil Court and one of the most famous criminal lawyers in India.

She is also known as the best lawyer in Patna and one of the best divorce lawyers in India for dealing with complex matters. If you want expert legal advice for criminal issues, new law understanding, or legal representation in Patna, she is the right choice.

Conclusion

The introduction of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) marks a historic transformation in the Indian legal system. These laws reflect the modern needs of society and address advanced crimes such as cyber fraud, terrorism, mob lynching, and digital evidence. The idea is to simplify legal procedures, increase transparency, and provide speedy justice. The new provisions also focus on the rights of victims and witnesses, ensuring that the justice system supports them emotionally and legally.

At the same time, these laws aim to reduce crime by establishing strong penalties and procedures. Whether it is a criminal case, FIR, evidence, bail, or trial process, the new legal structure supports technology-based investigation and ensures that police and courts work efficiently. If you are involved in a legal matter, understanding these changes is important for safeguarding your rights. Advocate Shrishti Rani is one of the best lawyers in Patna Civil Court and one of the best lawyers in Patna in the area of criminal law, making her a reliable choice for criminal cases under the new legal system.

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